Attributes of connectors

The Connectors window opens when you insert a network object and have selected to have the Edit dialog automatically opened after object creation (Right-click behavior and action after creating an object). By default, only the Connectors list is opened.

Into the window, you enter attribute values for the network object. For network objects which have already been defined, you can call the window using the following functions:

In the list of network objects of the network object type, double-click the row with the desired network object.
In the Network editor, select the network object of your choice. Then, on its shortcut menu, click Edit.

The network object may have additional attributes. In the network objects list of the network object type, you can show all attributes and attribute values. You can open the list via the following functions:

On the network object sidebar, right-click the desired network object type. Then on the shortcut menu, click Show List (Shortcut menu in the network object sidebar).
In the Network editor, select the network object of your choice. Then, on its shortcut menu, click Show In List (Selecting network objects in the Network editor and showing them in a list).
On the Lists menu, in the desired category, click the network object type.

In the network objects list of the network object type, you can edit attributes and attribute values of a network object (Selecting cells in lists), (Using lists).

The objects of this object type may have relations to other objects. This is why the attributes list is shown as part of a coupled list (on the left). On the Lists toolbar, in the Relations box, you can show and edit the coupled list with the attributes of the desired relation on the right (see below Showing and editing dependent objects as relation) and (Using coupled lists).

Note: In lists, you can use the Attribute selection icon to show and hide attribute values (Selecting attributes and subattributes for columns of a list).

Basic attributes of connectors

The basic attributes of the network element are shown in the upper area of the window and in the list of network objects for the particular network object type.

Element	Description
No.	Unique number of the connector
Name	Name of the connector
Spline	Number of intermediate points between start point and end point for true position modeling. Intermediate points are not relevant for the driving behavior of vehicles driving on them. If you enter more intermediate points, you can model the connector more precisely. For straight connectors, start point and end point are sufficient. Up to 15 points may be useful for longer connectors, for example, for turns. When you e.g. move the start or end point of a connector to a different link or another lane, the intermediate points and the course of the connector are recalculated. You can edit intermediate points, for example by using z-Offset for each intermediate point (Defining altitude of spline points using z-offset), (Editing points in links or connectors).
BehaviorType	Link behavior type (LinkBehavType): Standard driving behavior of the vehicles for this link, if no individual link behaviour type is allocated to the lanes of this link. Vehicles using a lane, that a link behavior type has been allocated to, take the link behavior type of this lane into account (Defining link behavior types for links and connectors), (Defining driving behavior in a driving behavior parameter set).
Link Length	Length2D of the connector in the network in meters Length3D accounts for z-offset of the link
Display type	Colored display of the connector (Defining display types)
from link to link	Lanes of the exit link (FromLink) to lanes of the next link (ToLink) between which the connector is inserted. Always select the same number of lanes in both lists. This assignment can also be subsequently edited.

Lanes tab

The list in the tab contains, amongst others, the following attributes:

Column	Description
Index	Unique number of the lane. You cannot change this entry later on.
Width	Width of the lane If several lanes are defined, several rows are displayed. You can define different widths. The width has an effect on: the graphic display of a link the possibility of whether a vehicle can overtake within a lane. For this, overtaking within a lane must be selected in the driving behavior parameters (Editing the driving behavior parameter Lateral behavior). The width does not have any effect on the speeds.
BehaviorType	Link behavior type (LinkBehavType: lane-specific link behavior type that differs from the standard link behavior type of the connector
BlockedVehClasses	Blocked vehicle classes on this lane. If the connector of the lane has a vehicle input, the vehicles of this vehicle class are not used on this lane. The vehicles of this vehicle class do not carry out a lane change into this lane. This also applies if this would be necessary because of their route. Vehicles of the particular vehicle class attempt to leave the lane as quickly as possible, if an adjacent lane is not blocked for the vehicle class. If all of the lanes in a link are blocked for a vehicle class, the vehicles of this vehicle class travel along the link without changing lane. If a link has two lanes, one of which is a passing lane and the other one is closed to all vehicle classes, Vissim will operate the vehicle on the closed lane.
Display type	Color of lane (Defining display types)
NoLnChLAllVehTypes NoLnChRAllVehTypes	No lane change left – all vehicle types and No lane change right– all vehicle types: If this option is selected, vehicles may not change lanes. A prohibition of lane changes is shown in the 2D and 3D mode by means of a solid line.
NoLnChLVehClasses NoLnChRVehClasses	No lane change left - vehicle classes and No lane change right - vehicle classes: Vehicle classes, whose vehicles must not change from a chosen lane to the adjacent lane in the direction of travel. A prohibition of lane changes is shown in the 2D and 3D mode by means of a solid line.

Has overtaking lane (HasOvtLn): The inner lane may only be used for overtaking maneuvers on the oncoming lane. This is only possible on links with at least two lanes (Modeling overtaking maneuvers on the lane of oncoming traffic).

If this option is selected, for right hand traffic, the outer left lane is displayed as the passing lane, with hatched background. For left hand traffic, the lane on the far right is the passing lane, displayed with hatched background.

If a passing lane and regular lane of a link of the opposite direction overlap for long enough, the overlapping area may be used for passing.

Only select this attribute for links on which passing is actually allowed in reality. Avoid passing lanes on which overtaking is not possible in reality, e.g. at intersections or in traffic controlled areas.

You can also select this attribute for several, successive links that are connected via connectors and have at least two lanes. Vehicles can then use the entire overlapping area for overtaking maneuvers.

If the passing lane is closed for a vehicle class, the vehicles of this class cannot use the passing lane for overtaking.

You can place other network objects, e.g. data collection points, on passing lanes.

Passing lanes are not shown in 3D mode.

Notes:

If you want vehicles to be able to overtake within a lane, you must select this option for the current driving behavior on the Lateral behavior tab in the Overtake on same lane section (Editing the driving behavior parameter Lateral behavior).
For lane changes, you must define links or connectors with multiple lanes. You cannot define lane changes between adjacent links or connectors.
No lane change also applies to a change of lane which would have to be made according to the vehicle route. Therefore, make sure that lane changes due to the route are either completed before the prohibition of lane changes, or can only be made after the prohibition of lane changes.
Cooperative lane change ignores the lane change ban (Editing the driving behavior parameter Lane change behavior).

The option All Vehicle Types is a virtual vehicle class that automatically includes all new vehicle types and vehicle types that have not been assigned a vehicle class yet.

Lane Change tab

The tab contains, amongst others, the following attributes:

Desired Direction

Direction (Direction): Shows direction-indicator blinking signal on the vehicle during a simulation run, if the route of the vehicle leads via this connector and there is routing information available for all vehicles traversing this route:

All: Vehicles do not use turn signal (straight). When reversing out of the parking space, the vehicle only uses connectors whose desired direction is All, Right or Left and ignores connectors with the desired direction None.
Right: Vehicles use right turn signal.
Left: Vehicles use left turn signal.

Vehicles without a desired direction and vehicle route always drive on the next connector with the criterion All. If no such connector exists at the end of the link, these vehicles are removed from the Vissim network. The desired direction is displayed in the following order of priority:

1. Current lane change

2. Desired lane change

3. Desired direction of current link

4. Desired direction of the next route link with the desired direction right or left, if the vehicle is located within the value range defined in the attribute Lane change distance (Lane change box). If the vehicle wants to reach a parking space and this connector leads to the parking space, the vehicle flashes 10.0 m before reaching the connector.

5. Turn signal direction set via external driver model in the DriverModel.DLL file (Activating external driver model via Driver Model DLL file)

Emergency stop distance

EmergStopDist: Is used to model the lane change rule of vehicles that follow their route, or in dynamic assignment their path, default value = minimum length = 5 m.

If these lanes could not be reached before the connector at the Emergency Stop position, the vehicle stops and waits for a sufficiently large gap. The system measures upstream starting from the beginning of the connector. If a vehicle has to make more than one lane change, 5 m per lane is also taken into account in each case. If the current lane has an odd number, 2.5 m are also added to the total length of the emergency stop distance. This prevents a conflict from occurring due to identical positions of 2 vehicles which are set to change lanes on neighboring lanes.

Example: A vehicle in lane 1 must change to lane 4 to follow its route or its path. An emergency stop position of 10 m was defined for the subsequent connector. The following relevant emergency stop distance is obtained for lane 1:

10 + 5 + 5 + 2.5 = 22.5 m

For lane 2 accordingly: 10 + 5 = 15 m

for lane 3: 10 + 2.5 = 12.5 m

The actual emergency stop position is calculated as the difference between:

Coordinate of the link where the connector starts minus the emergency stop distance. The result is an integer. Decimal places are not taken into account.

Example: If the connector starts at 67.2 m into the link and 12.5 m have been specified for the emergency stop, this results in 67.2 - 12.5 = 54.7, emergency stop position: 54 m.

The emergency stop distance of a connector A can reach upstream to another connector B. If this does not lead to a lane, from which the connector A also departs, the vehicles cannot switch lanes.

Lane change distance

Applies per lane change (Lane change distance applies per lane) (LnChgDistIsPerLn):

If this option is selected, the entered Lane change attribute value is multiplied by the number of lane changes which a vehicle requires to reach the connector.

Example: Before reaching a connector with a lane change distance of 200 m per lane, which starts from lane 1 only, a vehicle in lane 3 already starts to look for a gap to change lanes 400 m before the connector starts.

Fixed value (Lane change distance) (LnChgDist): Used to model the lane changing behavior of vehicles following their route or, in the dynamic assignment, their path. Distance before reaching the connector, from which those vehicles whose route or path leads via this connector attempt to select the lane that enables them to reach the connector without changing lanes. Standard value: 200 m, minimum value 10 m. The value must be >= emergency stop + 5 m.
Distribution: Distance distribution on the basis of which the lane change distance is determined stochastically.

Exception for vehicle classes

Vehicle class for which the lane change distance Fixed Value or Distribution does not apply, but the distance distribution selected by means of the Lane change distance distribution attribute:

Vehicle class: Number and name of the vehicle class
Lane change distance distribution: distance distribution valid for the added vehicle class

The network object has additional attributes that you can show in the Attributes list. Among them are the following for example:

BlockedVehClasses	Blocked vehicle classes: For each lane, you can select the vehicle classes for which the lane is closed (Attributes of links). If a toll route traverses a connector blocked for all vehicle classes, the corresponding managed lanes routing decision does not apply.
NoLnChLAllVehTypes, NoLnChRAllVehTypes	No lane change left – all vehicle types and No lane change right– all vehicle types: If this option is selected, vehicles may not change lanes. A prohibition of lane changes is shown in the 2D and 3D mode by means of a solid line.
Display type	Color of lane (Defining display types)
NoLnChLVehClasses, NoLnChRVehClasses	No lane change left - vehicle classes and No lane change right - vehicle classes: Vehicle classes, whose vehicles must not change from a chosen lane to the adjacent lane in the direction of travel. A prohibition of lane changes is shown in the 2D and 3D mode by means of a solid line.

Meso tab

The attributes of the connector for mesoscopic simulation corresponds to the attributes of links (Attributes of links).

Display tab

Thickness (3D)

Thickness for the display of the connector in 3D mode.

Visualization

If this option is checked, the vehicles are indicated in the 2D mode.

If this option is not checked, no vehicles are indicated in the 2D mode. With this, you can indicate underpasses or tunnel sections. This option applies for the entire connector. Therefore you must define a separate connector for each underpass or for each tunnel.

Note: Do not use this option in 3D mode, but rather model the height details of the connectors correctly!

Show classified values

ShowClsfValues: Select this option to show classified values (not to show the display type selected). To show classified values, in the graphic parameters for links, select a color scheme and an attribute (Assigning a color to links based on aggregated parameters).

Label

If this option is not selected, the labeling of the connector is not displayed.

Dyn. Assignment tab

Only for the add-on module Dynamic Assignment (Using dynamic assignment).

Element	Description
Connector closed to	Blocked vehicle classes for dynamic assignment (BlockedVehClassesDynAssign): Via this list, you can model a multi-modal network for dynamic assignment by closing the connector for one or more vehicle classes. Thus the connector for the route selection of blocked vehicle classes is not available.
Cost	distance-dependent costs per km (CostPerKm)
Surcharge 1 Surcharge 2	one-time surcharges that are taken into account for path evaluation. With this data, in the dynamic assignment the costs for the vehicles which travel on this connector are determined.

Connector closed to

Blocked vehicle classes for dynamic assignment (BlockedVehClassesDynAssign): Via this list, you can model a multi-modal network for dynamic assignment by closing the connector for one or more vehicle classes. Thus the connector for the route selection of blocked vehicle classes is not available.

Cost

distance-dependent costs per km (CostPerKm)

Surcharge 1

Surcharge 2

one-time surcharges that are taken into account for path evaluation. With this data, in the dynamic assignment the costs for the vehicles which travel on this connector are determined.

Other tab

The tab contains, amongst others, the following attributes:

Element	Description
Gradient	Uphill and downhill slopes of the connector in percent. Downhill slopes have a negative value. The value impacts the driving behavior via the maximum acceleration and maximum deceleration on a connector. by -0.1 m/s² per gradient percent incline. The maximum accelerating power decreases when the deceleration power increases. by 0.1 m/s² per gradient percent downgrade. The accelerating power increases when the deceleration power decreases. Per default, uphill and downhill slopes in 3D mode do not affect the display (z-coordinates) of connectors. You can edit z-coordinates via the z-Offset attribute of the connector. If the z-coordinates in your Vissim network have been entered correctly, you can have Vissim calculate uphill and downhill slopes. In this case, the option Use gradient from z coordinates must be selected (Selecting network settings for vehicle behavior).
Link evaluation	Link evaluation active (LinkEvalAct): Select this option to record link data for the link evaluation. This option is only relevant, if you selected the attribute Show classified values. values. Segment length: Segment length for the link evaluation, default value 10.0 m (Showing data from links in lists)
Overtaking speed factor:	OvtSpeedFact: Factor by which the vehicle wants to overtake, increasing its desired speed. Default 1.3

Gradient

Uphill and downhill slopes of the connector in percent.

Downhill slopes have a negative value.

The value impacts the driving behavior via the maximum acceleration and maximum deceleration on a connector.

by -0.1 m/s² per gradient percent incline. The maximum accelerating power decreases when the deceleration power increases.
by 0.1 m/s² per gradient percent downgrade. The accelerating power increases when the deceleration power decreases.

Per default, uphill and downhill slopes in 3D mode do not affect the display (z-coordinates) of connectors. You can edit z-coordinates via the z-Offset attribute of the connector. If the z-coordinates in your Vissim network have been entered correctly, you can have Vissim calculate uphill and downhill slopes. In this case, the option Use gradient from z coordinates must be selected (Selecting network settings for vehicle behavior).

Link evaluation

Link evaluation active (LinkEvalAct): Select this option to record link data for the link evaluation. This option is only relevant, if you selected the attribute Show classified values. values.

Segment length: Segment length for the link evaluation, default value 10.0 m (Showing data from links in lists)

Overtaking speed factor:

OvtSpeedFact: Factor by which the vehicle wants to overtake, increasing its desired speed. Default 1.3

The following attributes are only relevant for modeling overtaking maneuvers on the oncoming lane:

Element	Description
Look ahead distance	Look ahead distance for overtaking (LookAheadDistOvt): Distance that the overtaking vehicle can view on this link, upstream of the oncoming lane. At this distance oncoming traffic is perceived by drivers. At the end of this distance a virtual, oncoming vehicle is assumed, if on this connector there is a vehicle input or a PT line. The shorter the look ahead distance for overtaking is, the smaller the likelihood of being able to overtake. Default 250 m.
Assumed speed of oncoming traffic	AssumSpeedOncom: Assumed speed of oncoming traffic for vehicle that wants to overtake. The higher the assumed speed of oncoming traffic is, the smaller the possibility of overtaking. Default value 60 km/h.

Look ahead distance

Look ahead distance for overtaking (LookAheadDistOvt): Distance that the overtaking vehicle can view on this link, upstream of the oncoming lane. At this distance oncoming traffic is perceived by drivers. At the end of this distance a virtual, oncoming vehicle is assumed, if on this connector there is a vehicle input or a PT line. The shorter the look ahead distance for overtaking is, the smaller the likelihood of being able to overtake. Default 250 m.

Assumed speed of oncoming traffic

AssumSpeedOncom: Assumed speed of oncoming traffic for vehicle that wants to overtake. The higher the assumed speed of oncoming traffic is, the smaller the possibility of overtaking. Default value 60 km/h.

Showing and editing dependent objects as relation

The attribute and attribute values of this network object type are shown in the list on the left, which consists of two coupled lists.

1. In the list on the left, click the desired entry.

The list on the right contains attributes and attribute values of network objects, and/or base data allocated to the network object selected in the list on the left (Using coupled lists). They correspond to those of links (Attributes of links).

2. On the list toolbar, in the Relations list, click the desired entry.

3. Enter the desired data.

The data is allocated.

Superordinate topic:

Modeling connectors

Information on editing:

Defining connectors

Assigning lanes between links